Prostitution And Sexual Relations With Prostitution

Introduction Prostitution could start at any age, depending on the reason why it began. About 40% of prostitutes are former child prostitutes who were illegally forced into the profession through human trafficking or once were teenage runaways (sex-crime.laws.com). There is no need for an education and the amount of money received is something unbelievable. Prostitution is the act of engaging in a promiscuous sexual relations with someone for money. Prostitution is also known as the â€Å"Worlds oldest profession† according to the Huffington Post (Kolodny). Prostitutes can make anywhere between $5,000 per week (the average in Kansas City) to $32,833 per week (in Atlanta) according to the Huffington Post (Kolodny). In most of the United States†¦show more content†¦Statement of the Problem Becoming a prostitute comes with many different obstacles. Being a prostitute damages you mentally and physically. Mentally it could affect how someone feels about themselves. Accord ing to Tahlia Perry in her article Prostitution: A Problem of Equality, Dignity and Integrity prostituted women experience feelings of numbness, shock, fear, loss of control, nightmares, depression, anger, desensitization, shame and guilt (Perry). All these problems could cause a life time of daily problems and how one reacts to social interaction. With saying that mental illness could cause dissociation which occurs during extreme stress among prisoners of war who are tortured, among children who are sexually assaulted, and among women who are battered, raped, or prostituted also dissociation, depression, and other mood disorders are common among prostituted women in street, escort, and strip club prostitution according to Melissa Farley, PhD, Founding Director of the Prostitution Research and Education (Farley). With all the side effects from being a prostitutes it could cause addiction. According to Janice G. Raymond crack cocaine and alcohol were used most frequently during pro stitution (Raymond). With all the mental tolls a prostitute could go through it could push them to their furthest limit. Women in prostitution are also at special risk for self-mutilation, suicide and homicide as stated

Managed Care State Laws and Regulations - 1225 Words

420 Week 7 DQ 1. What are the most critical components of state regulation for managed care organizations? Which federal regulations also bring specific requirements for the operation of such entities? Discuss state and federal regulation of MCOs. State oversight of managed care generally focuses on two aspects: the techniques and processes used by a payer, and in particular an HMO, to deliver or arrange for the delivery of health care services to enrollees, and the organizational structure of the payer. (Kongstvedt 596) Much of the state regulation of managed care is based on the Health Maintenance Organization Model Act released by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) in 1972. The NAIC is the national†¦show more content†¦The Act has a significant impact on how MCOs operate in the individual and group insurance markets and with respect to the administration of self-funded group health plans. 1998 – The Women’s Health and Cancer Rights Act (WHCRA) – law enacted to make sure that women who had breast cancer for their health insurers and group health plans to provide coverage for reconstructive breast surgery after a mastectomy (Kongstvedt 608) 2008 - The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) - prohibits insurances to discriminate against genetic makeup The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA) -The law amended the 1996 Mental Health Parity Act by extending the parity requirements to include substance use disorder benefits. In addition, the MHPAEA requires parity with respect to all financial requirements (cost-sharing such as deductibles, copayments, and co-insurance) and treatment limitations (day or visit limits) between medical and surgical benefits and benefits for mental health and substance use disorder services (Kongstvedt 608-609) Michelle’s Law – requires health insurers and group health plans to provide medical coverage 12 months after a child leaves school for a medically necessary leave of absence. 2009 –Show MoreRelatedStaffing Models : Meeting The Needs Of Patients And Families1632 Words   |  7 Pagescontinue to provide adequate patient care (Porter-O’Grady Malloch, 2013). Patients are the most important priority in healthcare. They enter healthcare facilities with a problem that needs to be treated, and they expect the best care available. Having proper nurse-to-patient staffing ratios is one way in which patient needs are met. Staffing models have yet to catch up with the change, only one state has mandated patient ratios. It was thought other states would follow in their footsteps butRead MoreHealthcare Services : A Healthcare Specialist1262 Words   |  6 PagesManaged care is a healthcare specialist brought together to deliver services to improve quality and costs. The main functions are assembling, bringing together providers to deliver services, evaluating suppliers, and services. The normal way providers are paid for services, managed care users per diem, per case and per capita. Managed care combines health insurance, care and administration. 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ForRead MoreManage Care and How It Has Affected and Changed Health Care Essay1161 Words   |  5 PagesManage Care and How It Has Affected and Changed Health Care Manage Care and how it has affected and changed Health Care â€Å"Managed care embodies an effort by employers, the insurance industry, and some elements of the medical profession to establish priorities and decide who gets what from the health care system.† (JAMA.2001; pg. 285:2622-2628). Manage Care is part of the Health Care system since 1973 is known as the system that finances and delivers health care to individuals enrolled underRead MoreProblems with HMOs Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pagesmaintenance organizations) and managed care plans continue to proliferate, that means a choice between bad and worse. As employees line up in the lunch-room for a process called open enrollment, they may be surprised to learn that managed care rates have gone up — again. The mirage that managed care is cheaper care is finally fading. And, for the first time in years, employees may also have the promise of free choice in medicine in the form of a new method of financing health care. Consumers are alreadyRead MoreHca Case Analysis : Hca830 Words   |  4 PagesHospital Corporation of America (HCA), it is of paramount importance that they provide a diverse range of healthcare services through the most cost-effective means available. Although, one of the largest health care services companies in the United States, HCA must take on the challenges of health care finance and reform through a strong and stable business strategy. In an attempt to combat the many challenges being faced, HCA has committed their resources by promising to establish a strong presence inRead MoreBeing An American Guarantees The Right And Responsibility1370 Words   |  6 Pagessponsored healthcare plans begin to expand. Thus, in the year 1977, U.S government over turned the power to the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA), but is now referred to as Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). The CMS was developed in prospect to the growing number of people, as well as children who were uninsured. This began the rise of laws and re gulations towards the billing aspects of insurance and the information contained in the healthcare field. One requirement of theRead MoreManaged Care Programs Defined By Merriam Webster.com Essay1540 Words   |  7 PagesManaged Care Programs Defined Managed care as defined by Merriam-Webster.com is â€Å"a system of providing health  care  (as by an HMO  or a PPO) that is designed to control costs through  managed  programs in which the physician accepts constraints on the amount charged for  medical care and the patient is limited in the choice of a physician.† While the definition is appropriate for health plans, physicians and government entities focused on cost control and utilization reduction; it does not includeRead MoreThe And Its Effect On The People Of Colberia979 Words   |  4 Pagescompliant with the Utilitarianism principles, as they do not care about the indigenous people working for them. b) Deontology principle says that â€Å" A person should not lie, even when lying seems to produce a good result† (Halbert/Ingulli 2012). Based on this theory PharmaCare is not ethical. They lie about their initiative by using the slogan we care about your health while supporting the PAC to block any environmental protection laws and regulations. They preach one thing and doing something that is contrary

Police Misconduct And The Crime Essay - 1644 Words

Introduction In the last decade, publicized events of police violence have exploded. The force that was meant to serve and protect has become one of the most criticized groups in society. With more and more visibility of police misconduct in the news, people have taken up ideological arms against these biased actions. After the 2012 murder of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin and acquittal of vigilante George Zimmerman for the crime, #BlackLivesMatter became a call to action to stop the dehumanizing violence perpetrated against blacks. In response to this movement, #AllLivesMatter and #BlueLivesMatter have been cried out. They claim that Black lives aren’t the only ones that should be preserved, instead we should rally around protecting all lives. People hold entirely different views and interpretations of police misconduct. Purpose This review will analyze literature that explains perception on police misconduct and why certain perceptions and police misconduct itself occurs. I will therefore discuss the racial factors on both sides of police encounters: that of the citizen and the officer, as suggested by research. This review will also try to identify the gaps in the field of work and analyze studies’ methods of data collection. It will also explore how media forms and perpetuates perceptions. Categories of Police Misconduct Firstly, police misconduct is separated into four categories: verbal abuse, excessive force, unwarranted stops, and corruption (Weitzer, Tuch 2004).Show MoreRelatedPolice Misconduct And Criminal Crime3045 Words   |  13 PagesWhile police officers have many responsibilities, one of their primary duties is to protect and serve their community. Due to the power given to police officers and the stresses that accompany that power, police departments across time and the world have turned up some kind of police misconduct or corruption. 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Police misconduct can be define as false confession, false arrest, falsified of evidence and lying under the oath. For many years police crimes have went unreported and punishments are never given. We now have to put an end to these wrongful duties taken by police officers around the world. Have you ever experience policeRead MoreTraditional Organizational Structures Of Policing Agencies1013 Words   |  5 PagesTraditional Organizational Structures of Policing Agencies The principle role of police organizations is to uphold and enforce the law. Police organizations achieve this by safeguarding life and property, maintaining public order, and through detecting and preventing crime. Policing at the state level is composed of separate police organizations. At the state level we have the City or Local Police, County Sheriff and State Police, also known as Highway Patrol or State Troopers. The U.S. government givesRead MoreThe Decision Making Of Criminal Justice Actors806 Words   |  4 Pagesquantitative data methods on violent crime rates. Qualitative data is able to bring out factors at the individual level that may not seem significant on a macro level with lots of detail. While quantitative data used in the Kane (2005) study is able to analyze large data. These two different methods brought out important but different perspectives into discretion research. Kane (2005) used a macro level approach to look at police legitimacy and predicting violent crime. The researcher used consistentRead MoreIdentifying Potential Problem Officers At A Police Officer1269 Words   |  6 Pages Robbins 1 Jasmine Robbins November 14, 2014 Introduction to Police Examination #2 Question: When recruiting officers, discuss the best way to identify potential problem officers before they are hired. A police officer occupation is one of the most important jobs in the community. Their job consist of keeping the neighborhood safe and protectRead MorePolice Brutality And The Law Enforcement846 Words   |  4 Pagesbecoming more frequent over the past couple of years. When you hear about these cases of police brutality, how often is it that law enforcement officials are punished for the crime they have perpetrated? Most of the time the law enforcement officials, who are very well in the wrong do not get any kind of punishment whatsoever for the crimes that they have committed and it all comes back to the power that they have. Police brutality cases have been on the rise in the last couple of years where it is notRead MorePolice misconduct essay1038 Words   |  5 Pages105 Police Misconduct What is police misconduct? It can be defined as any action performed by a law enforcement officer that is unethical by established employment guidelines, unconstitutional, or a crime with in itself. When people hear the term â€Å"police misconduct† they automatically think of a police officer using unnecessary force against a civilian. While that is a form of police misconduct it is not only form. Throughout this paper I will bring light to the many types of police misconductRead MoreEthics And Character Analysis Interviews1677 Words   |  7 Pagesprotecting them and their property. In most cases, however, we hear news of police officer involvement in criminal activities or unethical behavior such as theft, robbery, abuse of authority and excessive coercion. The indication of police using force against suspects and committing crimes does not appear favorable to the public because people have entrusted them for their protection. Therefore, to address and effectively reduce c rime, practitioners in the criminal justice system at the federal, state,Read MoreThe Problem Of Local Police868 Words   |  4 PagesDescription of the Problem Local police are being overly co-opt by federal law enforcement agencies. They are directing too many resources toward protecting the nation’s borders and other federal duties. It is a belief held by some that local police are becoming too militaristic in nature by using military-style weapons, tactics, training, uniforms, and heavy equipment. This notion makes local police no longer a benefit for the community. A number of attacks on American soil have demonstrated this

Is Cyber Bullying Ruins Self Esteem - 1531 Words

An unknown female student at an unknown high school wakes up terrified from a nightmare. The student’s nightmare was being bullied by fellow students. The female student went to school the same day. Her day was rough. All day she walked around with rumors. Whenever students walked passed her in the hallway, they laughed and snickered. The student was cross and puzzled, why were fellow students snickering when she walked down the hallway? The student logged on to her Facebook only to discover the reason why fellow students were snickering. It turned out that one of the students was spreading rumors about her on Facebook. She was being cyberbullied by her fellow students and the person behind the rumors was the female student’s best friend.†¦show more content†¦A type of speech that is unprotected is â€Å"fighting words†, which is face-to-face personal insults that are addressed to a specific person. CNN anchor Chris Cuomo said in a tweet, â€Å"hate spe ech is excluded from protection†¦and by â€Å"hate speech I mean â€Å"fighting words† (No hate speech exception article). Threatening to kill someone due to race or religion can be made a crime because it is illegal to make threats and incite crimes against someone. Hate speech does not have any fixed legal meaning under US law/ constitution though. The US government has never had an occasion to define â€Å"hate speech† or any kind of speech that people might feel wrong about (Volokh, May 7). Thus, Cyber-bullying is protected by the First Amendment because it falls under hate speech. Many US citizens who believe that the First Amendment applies to students would agree that students have the right to voice their opinions and that hate speech is protected. But, Cyber-bullying, including regular bulling, violates the First Amendment because bulling is a form of slander. Slander is not an opinion and is just meant to ruin the reputation of others. The Amendments th at are written in the Constitution are meant to protect us against the government not other citizens. An example of this can be found in an ABA Journal article â€Å"Cyber bulling law would violate students’ free speech rights, opponents say†. This article says that a bill is being proposed in Indiana which if passed,

Is Cheating Wrong Free Essays

Recently, the idea of cheating had gotten much attention in the world of sports entertainment, and politics. Many celebrities have been accused of gaining a competitive edge through dishonest means. While cheating has mainly been publicly condemned, there are many that feel there are times when cheating can acutely be a way of making things better. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Cheating Wrong? or any similar topic only for you Order Now They believe there is nothing wrong with making oneself a better athlete, entertainer, or politician if what they have done males the even more entertaining, or assist the greater good. A wise philosopher named Susannah Centivre once said, â€Å"Tis my opinion every man cheats in his own way, and he is only honest who is not discovered. † There are times when cheating is not acceptable or is never justi? ed, because everyone cheats, even if it was something little as someone copying homework from someone else. ! To begin with, Not everyone cheats as much as others. Most people cheat because they did not study or they did not do their homework, but there are people who do, do all their responsibilities. Some people rarely cheat, if they really do not know something or they had no time to do something. That is when people start to cheat. It is wrong, but if no one is perfect. Everyone cheats, even if they rarely do it. The people who does not cheat as much as others become successful even more successful than the ones who do, but there are more people who cheat a lot than those who do not. ! Subsequently, if no cheating was strictly ensured most people would not be successful as they would be being able to cheat. Studies show that each new generation gets lazier, and if no cheating was strictly ensured then each new generation would be less successful. With most of the new generations not doing any of their responsibilities, and not being able to cheat, there would be no future for them. With each of the generations not being successful, each upcoming generation would be even worst than the one before. ! Lastly, cheating is wrong, but every single person has cheated at least once. Cheating is what helped some people become that brain surgeon, or rocket scientist. Most people cheat because they were to lazy to study for the test or to lazy to do the homework. Not often that the reason they cheat is because they had no time to study or do the homework. Not everyone cheats all the time but, people still do it to accomplish a goal. Either to get an â€Å"A† in class or to get into a good college to be able to do once’s dream job. So, when people are protesting cheating because it is wrong, they have done it too, maybe not something big, but they have still done it. ! ! A wise philosopher named Susannah Centivre once said, â€Å"Tis my opinion every an cheats in his own way, and he is only honest who is not discovered. † There are times when cheating is not acceptable or is never justi? ed, because everyone cheats, even if it was something little as someone copying homework from someone else. People today cheat all the time, some people more than others. and its is important because the ones who do not get caught become somewhat successful. Clearly saying cheating is the best thing to do is not the best route, but the main idea is people do it, and you cant force people not to do it. How to cite Is Cheating Wrong?, Essay examples

Disney Company one of the world leaders in media Essay Example For Students

Disney Company one of the world leaders in media Essay tel entertainment, company branded consumer goods, and theme parks and resorts signed the agreement with Hong Kong concerning the opening of a Disneyland amusement park in Hong Kong in the year 2005. This case study only concentrates one of the business fields explored by the Disney Company theme parks and resorts. The Disney Company occupies a strong position developed in the international business world over the years. Their outstanding success is based on several internal principles. One of them is Disney culture, whereby the company relies heavily on its heritage and traditions, ensures the companys quality standards, demonstrates the former two in their behavior. Another one of the principles is the so-called performance excellence as regards the companys responsibilities towards its clients, its employees, and its shareholders and other businesses. Yet another important factor contributing to the companys success is their marketing policy. The Disney company has a wide range of products and services of an exceptionally high quality, which allows them to employ premium pricing and promotion strategies. These factors, as well as the fact of having had several experiences on the international market, allows the Disney company to be confident of their intention to go abroad again. Hong Kong, which has become a part of China after 150 years of British ruling, is monitored to be one of the largest and most active economies in Asia and in the world. The analysis on Hong Kongs economy show convincing figures of stable growth and development. These facts make Hong Kong a highly attractive market for Disneys expansion with the aim of bringing the vision of happiness to the whole world. Furthermore, Hong Kong is considered to be a major international trading, financial center in the world, and the most famous tourist destination in Asia. A highly favorable taxation system that exists in the country, and the absence of direct competitors for a theme park like Disneys, add to the factors that are important for the Disney company in order to achieve their objectives. The set-backs of the Hong Kong market exploration are mainly of political nature and are concerned with the relationship between China and the USA. However, the peoples perception of western ideology is said to be strongly positive. This is advised to be used as a theme for the promotion campaign conducted by Disney on the Hong Kong target market. The latter is to be the people who are young or young in heart, where the western tendencies are in particularly affective. Thus, the company is advised to adopt its promotion policy to suit the new market better in order to achieve better results and avoid confusions. The media to be used in the promotion activities are recommended to act in consensus with the companys overall image, thus being highly perceived TV channels, local and international magazines and newspapers. The marketing costs are therefore budgeted to be quite high and are expected to be covered while employing the objective-and-task promotion budgeting method, which is viewed to be affordable for the Disney company. Other aspects of the marketing strategy do not need to be changed/adopted, since considered to be internationally successful, as well as control systems, which include certain standard procedures that the company employs all over the world. 2. INTRODUCTION I1. INTRODUCTION In 1928, Walt Disney started as an animator drawing short black-and-white cartoons. Today, Disneys main businesses are television, cinema entertainment, and theme parks. Disney owns national TV channels and radio stations that broadcast all around the USA. Since 1991 Disney cooperates with Pixar, a company specialized in computer animation, and together they produce and publish exclusively animated movies (e.g. Toy Story). In 1945 its first theme park Disneyland was opened in Anaheim, California, USA, followed by Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida, USA, in 1971. In 1983, the first international Disneyland opened to the public in Tokyo, Japan, and in 1992, the corporation expanded its business to Paris, Europe. Furthermore, Disney operates a theme Cruise Ship since 1998. The company has been very successful with its theme park business. However, Disney was confronted with a major crisis in its past when first operating its EuroDisney park near Paris. Insufficient knowledge of the European culture and the buying behavior of potential visitors of the theme park led to an overestimation of the number of visitors and their spending in the park. In addition, operating costs turned out to be higher than expected. The company was able to overcome this crisis. The park now operates under the name Disneyland Paris and its operating income contributes to the high success of the theme park business. In November 1999 the Walt Disney Corporation and Hong Kong signed the first agreements concerning the opening of a Disneyland amusement park in Hong Kong in the year 2005. The undertaking will be a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government. Disney will own 43% of the shares and Hong Kong 57%. Both parties are optimistic that this co-operation will result in a win-win situation. Hong Kong is going to invest a high amount of money in the venture both directly and indirectly. Directly by investing in the construction of the park itself, and indirectly by renewing the infrastructure of the city to the park and investing in a new tourism strategy, that enhances the citys attractiveness as an international tourist destination. In return, Disney will market the new effectively. Hong Kong expects this East-meets-West attraction to bring the tourism to a new boom. Especially visitors from the mainland of China are predicted to visit Hong Kong and the park. Disney claims to have enough experience to open another theme park outside the United States. Failures and successes while expanding their amusement park business to Tokyo and Paris helped them to make more accurate predictions on the new project. This win-win situation has led to an agreement about Disneyland Phase I (which will include a Disney theme park, a Disney theme resort hotel complex, and a retail, dining and entertainment centre). 3. INTERNAL ANALYSIS 3. 1. MISSION STATEMENT We will deliver magical and memorable entertainment experiences which create a sense of joy and wonderment for our Guests and consistently exceed their expectations. We will continue to be recognized globally as the premier entertainment and hospitality organization by mobilizing our team spirit to perfect our talents and abilities, and to perpetuate our rich Disney legacy. This will be evident to our Guests, fellow Employees, shareholders, and community and business partners through our words and deeds. It is the companys mission to provide a reasonable return to their shareholders, and to increase the value of their investment. At the same time, Disney must be sure to protect the business and reputation of the company, so that it can meet the expectations of the shareholders, guests, customers, employees and employees. 3.2. OBJECTIVES Disneys idea is to attract more than five million tourists to the park within the first year of business, which is expected to rise to 10 million per year after 15 years. The company intends to provide Hong Kong with a net economic benefit of up to $148 billion over 40 years. Additionally, the park will create thousands of jobs, enrich the quality of life, and enhance Hong Kongs international image. 3. 3. INTERNAL ORGANIZATION 3.3.1. The Disney Culture The company has its own Disney Culture consisting of a rich heritage, traditions, quality standards, and values that create a unique environment. This specific culture is an important factor to its success. A Disney employee needs to commit himself to these characteristics when going to work every day, in order to make the experience of a magical vacation possible for the visitors. The company believes that the success in the family entertainment business is directly attributed to the individual contributions of the entire team of employees. Performance in this context stresses the entertainment, and Excellence the company wants to be synonymous for Disney. 3.3.2. Implementation of Disneys mission culture In order to provide a perfect show every day the employees have to realize that they are part of the entertainment. Disney places great emphasis on the personal commitment of each and every employee to the companys mission. A person employed by Disney is not only supposed to identify himself with the company, he is also supposed to feel welcome and comfortable at his working area and important for the organization. Another significant aspect is the Disney look, which is a very strict guideline that the cast has to follow. In order to make a professional impression there are rules about the personal appearance when going on-stage. The policy include the prohibition of tattoos, certain hairstyles, and conspicuous jewelry, regulations about make up, deodorant, and the length of fingernails and skirts, and it is even mentioned that Employees are required to wear appropriate undergarments at all times. Employees always wear name tags in order to personalize a conversation. Disney is well aware of the fact that a great success in the past does not guarantee a great success in the future, especially if a company is not open to changes. Therefore the company measures their guests satisfaction on a regular basis, and asks employees to come up with suggestions on how to make the business more efficient. Disney puts great emphasis on recognition for suggestions and high effort on the job. To facilitate the upward communication, every member within the organization may be addresses by his/her first name. Additionally, the company hands out evaluation forms regarding work, management and suggestions. Aristotle And Politics Essay The United States of America is Hong Kongs second largest trading partner. In January July 1999 total trade with the US accounted to USD 29.1 billion, down 5.7% over January July 1998. The European Union is the third largest trading partner. Between January July 1999 the total volume of transactions with the EU accounted to USD 24.3 billion, a drop of 11.7% over January July 1998. In January July 1999 imports totalled USD 98.2 billion, a 10.1% decrease over the same time in 1998.The total exports to Japan rose by 0. 9% in real terms in January July 1999, compared with 1998. 4.5.2. Incoming Visitors to Hong Kong (Figures from Hong Kong Tourist Association) Hong Kong was the most popular tourist destination in Asia in 1998. The total tourism receipts in 1998 (in whole Asia) amounted 7,1 billion and in the first half of 1999 amounted 3.2 billion. There were 9. 57 million visitors arriving to Hong Kong in 1998, an 8% decrease over 1997. From January end of August 1999 there were 6.9 million visitors arrivals, an 11% increase over the same period in 1998. Graph 1: Visitors in Hong Kong (x 1,000,000) 4. 5.3. Radio and Television Hong Kong has two commercial television licenses. Television Broadcasters Limited and Asia television Limited. Each provides one Chinese and one English language channel. On average they transmit more than 550 hours of programming weekly, reaching more than 6 million viewers, or more than 1.9 million television householders. Also Hong Kong has 13 radio channels broadcast by three operates seven by Radio Television Hong Kong and 3 each by Hong Kong Commercial Broadcasting Company Limited and Metro Broadcast Corporation Limited. 4.5.4. Chinas view of the USA There is a contradiction between the official policy of the government and the peoples opinion about the western influence in the country. On the one hand the government is open for free trade with western nations, including the USA. On the other hand the influence of the western society in their Asian country is not liked to be seen. The population, however is more likely to be open about the western culture and tends to be enthusiastic about American products and the American philosophy and the western way of life. 4. 6. DEMAND ANALYSIS 4.6.1. Demand development The estimated number of visitor to the Hong Kong the me park in the first year of operation. This figure will gradually rise to around 10 million a year after 15 years, which is the full annual capacity. 4.6. 2. Product classification The experience to go to a theme park is non-durable (even though the company claims to offer durable memories). Disneys theme parks are specialty products, and people are willing to travel far and pay a lot of money to experience the magic. 4. 6.3. Segmentation analysis Disney expects visitors from all over the world: The mainland of China 27% Taiwan 19% Japan 10% South and Southeast Asia 12% The USA 8% The majority of the expected visitors are families with children. And, as mentioned before, the income level of the expected visitors is at least average. The company has to consider different life styles when segmenting the market. There are numerous potential customers that do not like the idea of an artificial perfect world. 4.7. INDUSTRY AND COMPETITION ANALYSIS In order to analyse the forces that influence the competitiveness of the Disney park in Hong Kong, Michael Porters 5-forces-model will be used: Direct competitors: Since there is no western-oriented amusement park in Hong Kong and around, there is no direct competitor for the Disney park in Hong Kong. Indirect competitors: Substitutes: There are a lot of possibilities to spend the free time. In Hong Kong there are a lot of museums, parks and restaurants. Besides, one could stay at home, visit friends or relatives, do sports, watch TV, play games or simply enjoy yourself. Potential entrants: A theme park requires high investment. Since the Disney parks are the most popular in the world, a company deciding to open another amusement park in the surrounding of Hong Kong will have a hard time (high entry barriers). However, famous park operator like the Universal Studios or Bush Gardens have enough financial power to enter the Asian market. Suppliers: Naturally the park will depend on Asian suppliers of e. g. food and beverages and on the prices they are setting. However, brands like Coca Cola are international companies and have been operating with the Disney company for numerous years, and will not ask for a price that will surprise Disney. In the park, Disney will hardly sell any specialty goods, so that the company will not depend on a certain supplier. For the most part Disney will sell company-manufactured merchandise and therefore this will not be a threat. Buyers: Disney depends on the people visiting the park. As already experienced with the park opened in Paris, a lot o studies on the buying behaviour of the visitors has to be conducted. It showed that European visitors tended to bring their own food to the parks and did not spend as much money on souvenirs as expected. In addition the Europeans were obviously not as excited about the park itself or more price sensitive as former considered, which resulted in a lot lower park attendance than estimated. The park was in high debt and almost had to be closed. 5. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS famous worldwide 55 years of experience in the theme park business, 17 of which in the international/Asian market high quality of service and products ability to attract a high amount of tourists ability to create a high amount of jobs for all levels of education WEAKNESSES low payment for a majority of the employees difficult to keep stuff ( high employees turnover) managers are not experienced enough to work in Hong Kong *** Difficult to persuade managers to move to Hong Kong OPPORTUNITIES after being successful with Phase I of the park (Disney theme park, a Disney themed resort hotel complex, and a retail, dining and entertainment centre) an expansion of the park is possible the population of China is said to be ent husiastic about western culture Hong Kong was occupied by Great Britain and is therefore influenced by and open for the western culture low taxes (simple taxation system) THREATS politics: o China as a communistic nation o relationship USA/China economical situation in the country (Asian crisis in 1997) low unemployment rate in Hong Kong (difficulties to find enough/right educated staff) possibility that the population of Hong Kong and/or China does not accept/like or is not enthusiastic about the park/the American culture represented by the park possibility of an unexpected low attendance in the park (compare the Paris scenario) due to unforeseen factors (such as underestimated costs) big famous amusement park companies (such as Universal Studios) might follow Disneys example and expand to Asia 6. PROBLEM DEFINITION Disney would like to expand internationally by targeting new markets. By doing this Disney would attract more new or recurring visitors to its parks, and therefore increase the revenues. Disney has to find an attractive and feasible market open to the Disney concept and culture. 6. 1. Analysis 6.1.1. Alternatives Disney chose to enter the Hong Kong market with a joint venture, but other possiblities exist to enter a foreign market: Franchising Subsidiary 6.1.2. Evaluating alternatives When evaluating the alternatives, we have to look at the things that are important to Disney. Disney wants: Control Good infrastructure Average risk Knowledge of the local market A high investment is not that important to Disney, because they are confident that they will be able to cover the costs with their operating income. Control Risk Infrastructure Market knowledge Costs Franchising reasonable low medium medium low Subsidiary Very high Very high medium high Extremely high Joint venture high high Very high high high As you can see from the table a joint venture would be the best solution for Disney. They still have control and reduce the risk and costs, because they share it with a partner. Because the partner is native, they have access to expertise and contacts in local markets. In this case, the best partner for Disney is the government of Hong Kong, because they can help them improve the infrastructure. 7. STRATEGIES 7.1. GROWTH STRATEGIES After opening the park Phase I (Disney theme park, a Disney themed resort hotel complex, and a retail, dining and entertainment centre) in 2005 the company will continue to develop their property and build new attractions, new resort hotels and other sorts of tourist destinations depending on the success of the Disneyland in the first years. 7.2. SEGMENTATION STRATEGIES Disney will mainly target families with at-least-average income. The company will aim for the young and young in heart, try to reach children, and appeal to adults memories of their childhood. 7.3. POSITIONING STRATEGIES Disney will continue to premium position its Hong Kong theme park. There is no need in lowering the perceived quality. Disneyland Hong Kong is supposed to be the happiest place on earth, just as the already existing parks. ThBibliography: